Anyone can share their exercise to learn how things work in erpnext

Check for error traces in the bench start output or your browser console.

That depends on the complexity of the task you wish to accomplish. Sometimes only a few changes in the doctype form can get your work done. Other times you may have to write JS and/or Python code. If you can list some cases, I can write you a better reply.

I’m not sure what you mean but what kind of changes. Adding or removing fields /buttons ? Or is it something changing CSS ?

I’ve included some more tips on this post of mine. Read it : Suggestions for new users for making good posts on forums