Relationship between Perpetual Inventory and Maintain Stock

I was trying to understand the company option “Enable Perpetual Inventory” and its link with the item option “Maintain Stock”. Basically the inventory account will only be debited if both are enabled (option 1). It seems that if you want to do monthly/yearly Periodic Inventory entries (the good old manual days before AI) as described in Accounting Of Inventory Stock it is no longer possible. Can someone from Frappe ERPNext team confirm this.

Description Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
Item Type Stock Stock Services Services
Maintain Stock Yes Yes No No
Perpetual Inventory Yes No Yes No
Purchase Invoice (Debit) Inventory COGS (default) or Expense (defined) COGS (default) or Expense (defined) COGS (default) or Expense (defined)
Purchase Invoice (Credit) Creditors Creditors Creditors Creditors
Sales Invoice (Debit) COGS (default) or Expense (defined) X X X
Sales Invoice (Credit) Inventory X X X
Sales Invoice (Debit) Debtors Debtors Debtors Debtors
Sales Invoice (Credit) Sales Sales Sales Sales

Add to this complication whereby each invoice (sales and purchase) has a seperate tick for updating stock. This is used to control stock received but not billed, the corresponding Purchase Receipt/Delivery Note and the updating of the stock ledger

Let me know if there are any corrections

Hi @asieftejani

The inventory mechanism depends upon the nature or need of the business and mainly it either records accounting impact for all store transaction (perpetual) or otherwise manual month end closing for stores (periodic).

The bottom line is to report all stock value in accounting books at the same time of recording store transaction under a valuation process automatically.

The table may help you grasp more as following;

Feature Perpetual Periodic
Inventory updates Continuous End of period
COGS calculation At each sale At period end
Accuracy High Lower
Software need Usually required Can be manual
Best for Medium to large businesses Small businesses

Maintain Stock check is working with both cases where you want items to be declared as stock able and must go through store and valuation process first before being used, consumed or issued.

Both Inventory system works with stock items only and in periodic case stock item value does not hit GLs unless accounting staff has to do it manually weekly or monthly. That is why it is called periodic.

Further Both type of Invoices have update stock checkbox to jump all those separate store docttypes. This is serving speedy recording where small business may not be having separate human resource to record PO + GRN and then Invoice separately.