I understand Price list rate is the base price or marked price of an item/default rate. The rate is the actual rate offered to a specific PO/customer, etc.
I believe the discount is adjusted to accommodate the change in price list rate and actual rate.
I am not able to understand the use of net rate and how it is calculated.
The net rate in ERPNext is the actual rate of an item after any discounts or markups have been applied. It is calculated by taking the rate of the item and adjusting it based on any discounts or markups applied to that item. The net total is the sum of all net rates for all items in the invoice.